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Destinations > North America > United States > Hawaii > The Koko Crater Railway Trail and other Highlights of Hawaii Kai, USA

The Hawaiian Island of Ohau has a deep and rich history as an island of royalty, first as the Kingdom of O’ahu and then as the center of the Kingdom of Hawai’i when Kamehameha III moved the capital to Honolulu in 1845. This diamond shaped island is still very much a gem of the island chain, and visitors will quickly find the welcome of the tranquil tropics is a luxury that the islanders have enjoyed for centuries.

Perched on the eastern side of Oahu in Hawaii Kai, Hawaii, the Koko Crater Railway Trail offers an adventure that is as rich in history as it is in panoramic views. This ancient tuff cone, formed by volcanic activity thousands of years ago, beckons hikers with its challenging ascent of over 1,000 railroad ties. The trail is not merely a path to a summit; it is a journey through the cultural tapestry of Hawaii, a physical testament to the island's wartime past, and a present-day challenge for those seeking to conquer its heights. As we explore the origins, significance, and allure of the Koko Crater Railway Trail, we invite you to lace up your hiking boots and prepare for an ascent that promises to be both enlightening and exhilarating.

Learn more about this country, and its customs and culture, by reading the short Culture Smart! book today!

Koko Crater Railway Trail

The Koko Crater Railway Trail, also known as the Koko Head Stairs, is a popular yet challenging hike in Oahu's Hawaii Kai area, near the Kona Brewing Company. It's a steep, 1.6-mile journey up over 1,000 railroad ties to the crater's summit, with an elevation of over 1,200 feet. The trail offers stunning views and a glimpse into Hawaii's volcanic history and cultural heritage. Hikers are advised to start early, preferably at sunrise or on an overcast day, to avoid the heat and lack of shade. Proper attire, including a hat and sturdy shoes, are essential for a safe and enjoyable hike.

The trail is a physical challenge due to the tough ascent, but the descent is considerably easier, rewarding hikers with breathtaking vistas that make the effort worthwhile. The trail is heavily used by both locals and tourists, serving as a testament to its allure and the rewarding experience it provides at the peak.

- Distance: 1.6 miles (2.6 km) round trip.

- Elevation Gain: 900 feet (275 m).

- Top Elevation: 1,207 feet (368 m).

- Duration: 1 – 2 hours round trip.

- Difficulty: Moderate to Hard.

Preparation for the Climb

Preparing for the Koko Crater Railway Trail climb is crucial for a safe and enjoyable experience. Wearing proper footwear is essential, as the trail can also be slippery and uneven. Bring plenty of water and snacks to help maintain energy levels during the hike.

It's also important to be aware of your fitness level. The trail is steep and will be physically demanding, so it's advisable to pace yourself and take breaks as needed. Additionally, being mindful of the weather conditions is important, as the trail offers little shade and can be hot.

- Footwear: Wear sturdy, comfortable shoes.

- Hydration: Bring plenty of water, especially since there's no shade.

- Physical Readiness: Be in good physical condition; the trail is steep and can be strenuous.

The Perfect Day for Hiking

It's recommended to start your hike up the Koko Crater Railway Trail early in the morning, taking advantage of the cooler temperatures and the shade provided by the crater's shadow. This timing also allows hikers to witness a spectacular sunrise from the summit, casting a warm glow over the island and the ocean. Alternatively, you can consider starting your climb later in the afternoon to avoid the midday sun.

- Best Time to Hike: Early morning or late afternoon to avoid the intense midday heat.

View from the Top of Koko Crater Railway Trail

The views from the summit of the Koko Crater Railway Trail are nothing short of spectacular. Hikers are rewarded with panoramic vistas of the eastern Honolulu shoreline, Hanauma Bay, and even parts of the nearby island of Moloka'i. On clear days, the visibility extends far, offering breathtaking sights that make the challenging climb worthwhile.

- Enjoy a 360-degree view of the east Honolulu shoreline, Hanauma Bay, and parts of Moloka'i.

- The summit offers sights of the residential area of Hawaii Kai, the ocean, and the surrounding mountains.

Trail Usage

Koko Crater Railway Trail is known to be one of the most popular hikes on Oahu. The trail sees a significant number of hikers daily, especially during weekends and holidays.

- The trail is heavily used, with as many as 1,000 hikers trekking the stairs each day during peak seasons.

Family-Friendly Hiking

While the Koko Crater Railway Trail offers an unforgettable experience, it is a strenuous hike with a steep incline and uneven steps. We would not recommend it for families with small children due to the challenging nature of the climb. However, teenage children who are active and have a good level of fitness may find the hike rewarding and manageable. It is essential for families to assess their capabilities and prepare adequately with water, sunscreen, and appropriate footwear.

Connecting Trails

The Koko Crater Railway Trail connects to other trails within the Koko Crater Regional Park. These trails offer alternative routes and additional exploration opportunities for hikers looking to extend their adventure beyond the main trail.

The Koko Crater Rim Trail and Koko Arch Trail are accessible from the summit of Koko Crater’s Stairs. These trails provide a mix of physical challenge and scenic rewards, making them popular among hikers seeking a workout and stunning vistas.

• Koko Crater Rim Trail: This is a challenging 2.4-mile loop trail that offers breathtaking views and requires good hiking boots due to its steep and rocky terrain. The trail has real exposure on both sides, especially on the right, and is known for its overgrown sections and loose gravel.

• Koko Arch Trail: The Koko Arch is a natural rock arch on the south slope of Koko Crater, accessible by a short, easy trail from the main coastal road by Halona Beach Cove or from Koko Head via the Crater. It's a photogenic feature of the extinct volcanic mountain.

Important Considerations

Preparation is key for the challenging Koko Crater Railway Trail, and respecting the natural environment is paramount for its conservation and the safety of all visitors. Preserving the fragile ecosystem of the Koko Crater Railway Trail is essential. Unique wildlife and plants inhabit this area, making it necessary for visitors use proper conduct to maintain its integrity. Adhering to the Leave No Trace principles, such as removing all garbage and staying on marked trails without disturbing the animals, is vital.

Additionally, trail etiquette, including environmental respect, is imperative. The Koko Crater Railway Trail demands attentiveness due to irregular and sometimes missing railway ties, which could lead to accidents. Focus and careful stepping are crucial, as is courteous behavior towards fellow hikers, especially when paths are busy.

- Legal and Safety: The hike is legal and not considered dangerous, but caution is advised due to the steep incline and physical exertion required.

- Heat Exposure: The trail has no shade, making it very hot during sunny days.

- Railway Bridge: There's a section with a visible drop underneath the tracks, which might be intimidating for those with a fear of heights.

History of the Trail

The Koko Crater Railway Trail, originally a World War II tramway, is now a historic hiking path leading to a former military bunker atop the crater. The volcanic cone of Koko Crater, estimated to have erupted 7,000 years ago, forms the backdrop for this trail that has evolved from a vital military supply route to a reclaimed natural wonder. The abandoned railway ties that once facilitated the movement of soldiers and supplies now challenge adventurers with a steep ascent to the summit.

- Originally a World War II tramway for transporting military personnel and supplies.

- The trail has transitioned from a military installation to a beloved hiking destination.

Origin of Koko Crater Railway Trail

Koko Crater, known in Hawaiian as Kohelepelepe, is an ancient tuff cone on Oahu's eastern side, part of the Honolulu Volcanic Series. Its last eruption is estimated to have occurred around 7,000 years ago. The name 'Kohelepelepe' originates from Hawaiian mythology, referring to "labia minor" and is linked to a tale about Kapo, Pele's sister.

- A tuff cone that's a result of volcanic activity from the Honolulu Volcanic Series.

- Last erupted around 7,000 years ago, shaping the current landscape.

- Named 'Kohelepelepe' after a Hawaiian legend involving the deities Kapo and Pele.

Significance to Hawaiian Culture

The Hawaiian legend of Kohelepelepe involves the deities Kapo and Pele in a dramatic tale. Kapo is a goddess of fertility, sorcery, and dark powers, and she is also the sister of Pele, the goddess of volcanoes and fire. According to the legend, Pele was once attacked by Kamapuaʻa, a shapeshifting demigod with the head of a pig. To protect her sister, Kapo used her detachable vagina, known as kohe lele (flying vagina), as a decoy. She threw it to Oʻahu, where it landed and left an imprint on what is now known as Koko Crater. Kamapuaʻa, distracted by the flying kohe lele, followed it to Oʻahu, allowing Pele to escape. The name Kohelepelepe translates to "labia minora" in Hawaiian, which is a reference to this legend. This story is deeply embedded in the cultural narrative and reflects the rich mythological history of the Hawaiian people.

Activities Nearby Koko Crater Railway Trail

For a mix of adventure, relaxation, and cultural immersion, check out some of these other attractions around Koko Head Crater. Whether you're looking to delve into the natural beauty, engage with local traditions, or simply enjoy the Hawaiian outdoors, there's something for everyone near Koko Head Crater. Enjoy your exploration!

1. Snorkeling at Hanauma Bay: Explore vibrant marine life in a natural tuff ring.

2. Visiting the Koko Crater Botanical Garden: Discover a variety of cacti and succulents.

3. Exploring Sandy Beach: Ideal for surfing and kite flying due to strong trade winds. Undertow and wave strength can be dangerous - use caution!

4. Enjoying the Halona Blowhole: Witness a natural saltwater geyser.

5. Relaxing at Eternity Beach: Known for its appearance in the movie "From Here to Eternity".

6. Makapu'u Lighthouse Trail: A scenic hike with ocean views.

7. Watching wildlife at Wawamalu Beach Park: A quieter beach experience.

8. Learning to surf at Hidentity Surf: Take surfing lessons near the crater.

9. Experiencing traditional Hula: Understand the cultural dance of Hawaii.

10. Diamond Head State Monument: Hike to another iconic crater.

11. Oahu Spot Tours: Take a guided tour of the island's highlights.

12. Beach Sunset Yoga: Practice yoga with a view at Waikiki Beach.

13. The Magical Mystery Show: Enjoy a performance at Hilton Waikiki Beach.

14. Island and You: Embark on a cultural and culinary tour of Oahu.

Hanauma Bay Snorkeling Oahu

The lovely white sands of Hana’uma Bay are sheltered by cliffs, making it a great place for fans of calmer water sports like snorkeling and swimming. It’s a great beach to just lounge and relax on. The bay is a protected sanctuary for the diverse and unique coral reef wildlife that draws snorkelers from all over the world – the underwater world is truly magical, and it thrives despite the popularity with visitors.

Where to Stay on Oahu, Hawaii

This luxury of tropical kings and queens is carried through to modern Waikiki, which is famous for its luxury resorts. Located on the sites of former royal residences, The Royal Hawaiian lives up to this reputation. The historic beachfront hotel’s central location offers panoramic views and convenient access to beach and water activities. Relax by the pool or take advantage of the award-winning spa services available. Disney’s Aulani Resort in Ko’Olina is another one of our favorites!

Alternatively, here’s a selection of other amazing places to stay nearby:

Hawaii Kai & the Kona Brewing Company

Located at the eastern tip of the island, the Hawaii Kai area is a residential area that has plenty to offer visitors, as well. Developed as Oahu’s first planned community out of a wetland in the 1960s, the area is now a lively area with shops, restaurants, and recreational activities. The area is a great jumping off point for a whale watching boat to take in the amazing ocean life. Another fun stop in this area is at the Kona Brewing Company – the craft brewing company offers tours, or just chill at the pub and pair their delicious local brews with an equally delicious plater of fish tacos or pizza. 

Makapu’u Lighthouse Trail

About a two-mile round trip, the Makapu’u Lighthouse Trail is another hike that’s popular with visitors to the island. Moderately easy, on a paved trail, the views along the way show off the windward coast at great advantage and the lighthouse itself, its red roof framed by the deep blue of the Pacific, is the jewel in the fabulous crown. The lookouts at the summit offer vistas to enjoy as you pause before heading back down. The path is lined both ways with tons of opportunity to observe all sorts of birds and wildlife, so it’s recommended that you bring binoculars to take a closer look. 

With a bit of history surrounded by breathtaking beauty everywhere you go, a visit to Oahu is one happy surprise after another. Sunrise hikes and peaceful beaches, mournful mountains and tropical rainforests straight out of the movies – the aloha spirit of not just the people, but the island itself will infuse you, and wherever you travel afterwards that bit of calm joy will go with you.

As the sun dips below the horizon, casting a golden hue over the Koko Crater Railway Trail, we reflect on the journey we've undertaken. From the trail's storied past, marked by the footsteps of World War II soldiers, to its cultural significance rooted in Hawaiian mythology, this path has offered us more than just a physical workout. It has provided a connection to the land, a respect for its history, and a commitment to preserving its future. Whether you're a family with teenagers ready to tackle the climb or a solo traveler seeking solitude and scenery, the Koko Crater Railway Trail stands as a beacon of Oahu's natural beauty and cultural heritage. May your visit be filled with awe, and may your steps help to preserve this trail for generations to come. Mahalo for joining us on this remarkable Hawaiian adventure.

Remember to respect the environment, stay on marked trails, and be mindful of your fitness level when attempting this hike. Enjoy the climb and the rewarding views at the top!

In summary, the Koko Head Crater Trail is a must-visit for hiking enthusiasts visiting Oahu. With proper preparation and caution, it offers an unforgettable experience filled with stunning views and a touch of history. Whether you're a seasoned hiker or a beginner looking for a challenge, the Koko Head Crater Trail is sure to leave a lasting impression.

In conclusion, the Koko Crater Trail is more than just a hiking path; it is a journey through Hawaii's history and culture. By understanding and respecting the trail's significance, hikers can contribute positively to the preservation of this magnificent natural wonder for future generations to enjoy.

Learn more about this country, and its customs and culture, by reading the short Culture Smart! book today!

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